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Adelbert Theodor Wangemann
Adelbert Theodor Edward Wangemann (February 13, 1855 – June 1906), known as Theo, was a German who emigrated to the United States. In 1888, he began working for Thomas Edison as an assistant at his laboratory in West Orange, New Jersey. In 1889, Edison sent Wangemann to keep the phonograph at the 1889 Paris Expo in good working condition. The trip was extended and Wangemann made numerous early sound recordings on wax cylinders, some of which were lost for more than 100 years. Found in 1957, but not revealed until 2012, they include the only known recording of Otto von Bismarck.
== Early years ==
Wangemann was born in Berlin, Germany to Adalbert Theodor Wangemann (1815–1878) and Theodosia Sophie Ottilie Wangemann (née Rhenius) (?–1878). He and his older brother, born September 23, 1852, were named after their father.〔Patrick Feaster, ("Wangemann's family background and early life" ) Thomas Edison Historical Park. Retrieved February 4, 2012〕 To distinguish them, he was called "Theo"; his first name also had a slight spelling change. He and his brothers later added third names, he added the name Edward; and his brother, Emil.〔 By 1900, his brother had also changed his first name to Albert.〔 The family was musical; his grandfather, Johannes Theodosius Wangemann, performed, directed, composed and taught music;〔 and his cousin, Otto Wangemann, was an organist, composer and musicologist.〔(Articles dated 1878 and 1881 about Otto Wangemann ) (PDF) ''Demminer Wochenblatt'' and ''Demminer Tageblatt'', (April 4, 1878; November 15, 1878; November 19, 1881). Retrieved February 4, 2012 〕 His uncle, Otto's father, was also an organist.
Wangemann composed music, played and occasionally performed at the piano.〔Patrick Feaster, ("Theo Wangemann biography" ) Thomas Edison National Historical Park. Retrieved February 3, 2012〕〔Gustav Kobbe, ("A Bit of 'Bohemia' in the Pleiades Club" ) ''The New York Times'' (December 11, 1904), first magazine section, p. 8. Note: The NYT PDF file is untitled, but the title can be seen at (newspaperarchive.com. ) Retrieved February 4, 2012〕 Wangemann's father had a business selling paper goods and a factory where he manufactured envelopes and embossed monograms on writing paper.〔 Both Wangemann and his brother worked there. His brother took over the business around 1876, but after their parents died in 1878 the brothers emigrated to the United States the following year,〔 his brother in February and he, in August.〔 He first settled in Chelsea, Massachusetts and later moved to Boston. In 1884, he moved to New York City, where he became a naturalized citizen on October 11, 1884.〔
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